granger



(No Model.)

A. 0. GRANGER.

PROCESS OF MANUFAGTURING GAS.

:Fig 5.1..

Xmenfi 1 ML Patented Jan; 19, 1886.

NlTED STATES PATENT Tric a,-

ARTHUR O. GRANGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNITEDGAS IMPROVEMENT COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PROCE$S OF MANUFACTURING GAS.

SEECIPICAI'ION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334,701, dated January19, 1886,

Application filed September 29, lB5. Serial No. 178,594. (No model.)

To all whom, it mag concern:

Be it known that l, ARTHUR O. GRANGER, of the cit-y and county ofPhiladelphia, and

' State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in the Process ofManufacturing Gas,of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to processes for the manufacture of gas; andit consists in first passing the products of combustion from a water-gasgenerator heated by direct internal combustion through one set of fluesof a superheater having two sets of dues, heating said superheater, andraising the carbon of a generator to incandescence by said internalcombustion, then passingthe water-gas produced in said generator by thedecomposition of steam through the other set of lines in thesuperheater; and it further consists in first passing theproducts ofcombustion from a watergas generator heated by direct internalcombustion through one set of fines of a superheater having two sets offlues, heating said superheater,and raising the carbon of the generatorto incandescence by said internal combustion, then passing the water-gasproduced in said generator by the decomposition of steam, alter beingadmixed with a hydrocarbon fluid or vapor, through the other set offines in the superheater, all of which is fully set forth in thefollowing specification, and shown in the accompanying drawings, whichform part thereof.

The nearest approach to my improved pro cessis shown in the Patent toRew, No. 290.930, ofl883, and Langdon, No. 263,921, ofl882; but thesepatents are for processes widely differing from mine in the mainfeatures. Rew shows an apparatus in which the process of generatingwatergasis continuous and in which there is no step for heating up thecontents of the generator worked alternately with the generator ofwater-gas, and, further, all of the products from the generator pass through the same set of flues, which tlues are heated externally by gasotherwise produced. Langdons apparatus is simply to produce a greaterquantity ofa heating-gas, part of which is used to continuously heatregenerators through which steam is passed and superheated before beingfed to the producer. Both these patents, however, are devoid of thealternative process of heating up and generating gas, and in which theproducts from the hcating'process are used to heat a set of lines orchambers by external combustion, and through which fines or chambers thegas generated as the secondary step is caused to pass.

The object of my invention is to cause the products of combustion fronhagas-generator to pass around the outside of superheating or fixing finesof fire-brick or other refractory material, whereby they are heated andby which the water-gas, after being carbureted, is fixed or madepermanent by being caused to pass through the said externally-heateddoes. This method of working enables the illuminating gas to be renderedfixed or'permanent with all the effects of the former method of heatingthe fixing-chamber by internal combustion, and with none of thedisadvantages thereto due to clogging or filling up of the passages orlines from the products of combustion when heating up. The walls of thefiues being comparatively thin, and the heat on the outside thereofbeing very intense, the fire-brick becomes heated to incandescence, and,when subsequently the water-gas, after being carburetel, is passedthrough the said flues, the heat thereof fixes the gas, making itpermanent.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation ofa water-gasapparatus embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of theairdistributing nozzle removed from the bottom of the generator.

A is the generator. Bis the superheater. The generator may be made inany of the wellknown manners, being provided with the grate O and theash-pit D. Surrounding the ashpit is placed a circular blast-nozzle E.This nozzle is made in the form of a box, and is provided with a largenumber of small apertures, e, opening under thegrate, and by which airis finely divided and allowed to strike the under surface of the gratewith an even distribution, thus causing a more perfect combustion andless liability to mechanical disturbance than when a simple large blastorifice or opening is used.

F is the air-supply pipe, and the blast is controlled by a suitablevalve.

G is the steam-nozzle for admitting steam under the grate-bars.

Superheater B is provided with alower com ICO bustion-chamber, K, havingan arched roof, J, which roof supports the filling H, consisting,preferably, of vertical tubes or passages opening into the chamber K,through the root thereof. ThesefiXing-fluesHarepreferably formed offire-brick or other refractory material, and the spaces I between themform a heating-flue. The chamber K and the spaces or fiues I areconnected with the generator by fines N and N, respectively, either oneof which may be closed by a valve, 0.

Lis a hydrocarbon nozzle for admitting fluid hydrocarbon or othercarbureting medium to the water-gas prior to its passage through thesuper-heater.

M is a blast-pipe for admitting air to the heating fine or space I.

P is the gas-outlet from the top of the superheater and leads to thewasher.

It is the chimncyfiue, and is provided, as usual, with a suitable valve.

The operation is as follows: A fire being built in the generator, air isadmitted by pipe F, and the products of combustion from the coalcontained therein are caused to pass through line N, and are burned inthe space or line around the fixing-fines H, raising them toincandcscence and passing off by chimney R. When the superheater isheated and the coal in the generator has been raised to incandescence,the blast from pipe F is shut off, valve R closed, blast from pipe Mshut off, steam from pipe G admitted to the bottom of the generator, andhydrocarbon from nozzle L turned on. Now, the water-gas produced in thegen erator passes through fine Ninto chamber K, where it mixes withhydrocarbon fluid, either in the liquid or highly-subdivided condition,by spraying or being previously vaporized, and the carbureted water gasso produced passes up through the tines H, becoming fixed and ultimatelypass off by the pipe P of the washer to holder.

\Vhile the construction shown is simple, it is evident that the detailsthereof maybe modifiedin various ways without departing from myinvention.

Having now described my invention,what[ claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. The herein-described process,which consists in first passing theproducts of combustion from a water-gas generator heated by directinternal combustion through one set of fines of asuperheater having twosets of lines, heating said superheater and raising the carbon of thegenerator to incandescence by said internal combustion, then passing thewater gas produced in said generator by the decomposition of steamthrough the other set of ll nes in the superl1eater,fixing the gaswithout bri nging it into contact with any deleterious products ordeposits from the generator produced when heating up, the said steps ofheating up and producing water-gas in the generator being carried onalternately and independently of each other, substantially as and forthe purpose specified.

2. The herein-described process, which consists in first passing theproducts of combustion from a water-gas generator heated by directinternal combustion through one set of fines of a superheater having twosets of fines, heating said superheater and raising the carbon of thegenerator to ineandescencc by said internal combustion, then passing thewatergas produced in said generator by the decomposition of steam afterbeing admixed with a hydrocarbon fluid or vapor through the other set offines in the snperheater, fixing the gas without bringing it intocontact with any deleterious products or deposits from the generatorproduced when heating up, the said steps of heating up and producingwater-gas in the generator being carried on alternately andindependently of each other, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

In testimonyof which invention 1 hereunto set my hand.

ARTHUR O. GRANGER.

W'itnesses:

LIsLE SToKEs, RICHD. S. CLINE, Jr.

